[285], Lebanon holds the largest number of Christians in the Arab world proportionally and falls just behind Egypt in absolute numbers. [223] They are either members of the Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch or the Melkite Greek Catholic Church, and they have ancient roots in the Levant; more specifically, the territories of Syria, Lebanon, Jordan and Hatay, which includes the city of Antakya (ancient Antioch). Melkite Greek Catholic and Maronite Christians suffered negligence from the Ottoman authorities and a naval blockade from France and Britain, resulting in the Great Famine of Mount Lebanon (19151918) during World War I, which ran in conjunction with the Armenian genocide, the Assyrian genocide and the Greek genocide. The saints are divided into six main categories: 1) The Apostles 2) The Prophets 3) The Martyrs 4) The Fathers & Hierarchs 5) The Monastics 6) The Just. The same process happened with the Christian Armenians and applied to the Christians in Mount Lebanon. There has also been an influx of Christian refugees escaping Daesh, mainly from Mosul, Iraq, numbering about 7000[281] and 20,000 from Syria. However, they are sometimes known as Arab Christians, primarily because of their language. It began in the wake of the exit of Muhammad Ali of Egypt from the Levant in 1840. [225], The Orthodox Christian congregation was included in an ethno-religious community, Rum Millet ("Roman nation"), during the Ottoman Empire. Read More Introduction The Saints of the Orthodox Church [302], Many Palestinian Christians hold high-ranking positions in Palestinian society, particularly at the political and social levels. How Many Orthodox Saints Are There? - Orthodox Church Quotes Lebanese Greek Orthodox Christians ( Arabic: ) refers to Lebanese people who are adherents of the Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch in Lebanon, which is an autocephalous Greek Orthodox Church within the wider communion of Eastern Orthodox Christianity, and is the second-largest Christian denomination in Lebano. The community of Armenians in Lebanon is politically and demographically significant. Countries With The Most Orthodox Christians - WorldAtlas The North American Saints - Orthodox Church in America [107][108] Syrian notables include George Wassouf and Nassif Zeytoun. Last heir of the last imperial family of Russia; passion-bearer. There are documents from the late third century of Dionysius, Pope of Alexandria, in which he mentions his Arab Christian subjects in the Sinai and the persecution they faced during the days of the pagan Roman emperor Diocletian. Most recent estimates prior to the Syrian civil war suggested that overall Christians were about 10% of the overall population of Syrian 23 million citizens, due to having lower birth rates and higher emigration rates than their Muslim compatriots. Arab Christians include the indigenous Christian communities of Western Asia who became majority Arabic-speaking after the consequent seventh-century Muslim conquests in the Fertile Crescent. Lebanese Greek Orthodox Christians - Wikipedia ", Kuwait's native Christian population exists, though is essentially small. Some of the most popular ones are St Agnes, St Agrippina, and St Alexis. Greek saints | list of saints of the Greek Orthodox church of Greece 7 May. Modern science, however, now evaluates the hagiological literature on multiple levels beyond that of the historical source. Also, in social events in which the participants are Christians, alcoholic beverages are often served (apart from those denominations that encourage teetotalism), unlike what is prevalent in most Arab societies because Islamic law forbids strong drink. Sozomen of Gaza said that the Arabs converted to Christianity through the efforts of priests and monks who spread to Arab regions, and the strength of Christianity increased with the conversion of the major tribes. Historically, a number of minority Christian sects were persecuted as heretic under Byzantine rule (such as non-Chalcedonians). Feasts of the Church - Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America Are saints "elected" by special panels or by majority vote? The Orthodox Church in America. The Great Schism of 1054 brought on a separation of the Orthodox religion due to the difference of opinion on such things as the Holy Spirit, bread for the Eucharist, use of images, and the date of Easter. The rebellion was divided between those who sought a common Ottoman cause against European intrusions and those who identified with Arab nationalism against pan-Turkic (Ottoman) nationalism. Pages in category "Saints" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of 918 total. There are many New Testament translations or portions into regional colloquial forms of Arabic. American St. Frances Xavier Cabrini St. Damien of Molokai St. Katharine Drexel St. Rose Philippine Duchesne St. Chronos 38 (2018): 147-170, "United Syrian Nation" or "Natural Syria", Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine, Women's literary salons and societies in the Arab world, relationship between the Druze and Christians, 1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus, List of modern conflicts in the Middle East. There are also a number of feast days of varying . [38][39] The first Arab bishop of the Arabs, Saint Moses, spent many years in the 4th century as a hermit between Syria and Egypt. The following is a list of saints recognized by the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, and/or Oriental Orthodox churches, organized alphabetically by country or nation of origin or residence. [257], The city of Nazareth has the largest Arab Christian community in Israel, followed by the cities of Haifa, Jerusalem and Shefa-Amr. Saints of the Church - Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America - Greek [285] This second group is not as assimilated as the first group, as their food, culture, and Arabic dialect still retain a Levant feel. They are more recent arrivals in the 1950s and 1960s, mostly Kuwaitis of Palestinian ancestry who were forced out of Palestine after 1948. In addition to holding religious services, the Catholic Church opened a monastery, freely organized cultural activities, and performed charitable work throughout Tunisia. [220] A dispute between the Palestinian Authority and the Greek Patriarch Irenaios led to the Patriarch being dismissed and demoted because of accusations of a real estate deal with Israel. In modern times, Arab Christians have played important roles in the Nahda movement, and they have significantly influenced and contributed to the fields of literature, politics,[23] business,[23] philosophy,[24] music, theatre and cinema,[25] medicine,[26] and science. The Mission of The Orthodox Church in America, the local autocephalous Orthodox Christian Church, is to be faithful in fulfilling the commandment of Christ to "Go into all the world and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit" [71] In return, non-Muslim citizens were permitted to practice their faith, to enjoy a measure of communal autonomy, to be entitled to Muslim state's protection from outside aggression, to be exempted from military service, and to be exempted from the zakat. They makeup roughly a quarter of Kuwait's Christian population. [56] Historians such as Rufinus and Orosius mentioned that Matthew the Apostle was the missionary of Yemen and Abyssinia. Definition The Eastern Orthodox Church is defined as the Eastern Christians which recognize the seven ecumenical councils and usually are in communion with the Ecumenical Patriarchate, the Patriarchate of Alexandria, the Patriarchate of Antioch, and the Patriarchate of Jerusalem. : 3.68% - ", "CBS data on Christian population in Israel (2016)", "The plight and flight of Palestinian Christians", "Bahraini Census 2010 - 2010", "Believers in Christ from a Muslim Background: a global census", "Believers in Christ from a Muslim Background: A Global Census", "Tunisia Open Doors USA Open Doors USA", "Influences of history, geography, and religion on genetic structure: the Maronites in Lebanon", "Coptic assembly of America Reactions in the Egyptian Press To a Lecture Delivered by a Coptic Bishop in Hudson Institute", "Phoenician or Arab? Alypius the Stylite. With the connivance of the military authorities and Turkish soldiers, Druze and Muslim paramilitary groups organised pogroms in Damascus which lasted three days (911 July). A notable Berber Christian of Algeria was Saint Augustine (and his mother Saint Monica), important saints in Christianity. List of Eastern Orthodox saints - Wikipedia [296] The number of the Moroccans who converted to Christianity (most of them secret worshippers)[297] are estimated between 8,000 and 50,000. Orthodox Churches form a theologically united family of 13 autonomous bodies, denoted by their nation of origin. Arab Christians ( Arabic: , romanized : el-Meshyyn el-Arab) are ethnic Arabs, Arab nationals, or Arabic -speakers who adhere to Christianity. [23][82] Arabic-speaking Christian scholars wrote extensive theological and philosophical works and treatises in Arabic in which they not only responded to the polemics of their Muslim adversaries,[83] but also provided systematic apologetic discussions of the Christian faith and practice. Orthodox saints of the Western Church are also revered in their respective denominations. [63] In Mecca, the Banu Jurhum embraced Christianity at the hands of their sixth king, Abd al-Masih ibn Baqia, and supervised the service of the Haram for a period of time. List of saints | Britannica Bordering Syria, the Sinai was administratively affiliated with the Egyptian Church based in Alexandria. We glorify those whom God Himself has glorified, seeing in their lives true love for God and their neighbors. Likewise, al-Zamakhshari and al-Baydawi referred to this sect in their interpretation of the Quran. Today, nearly four-in-five Orthodox Christians (77%) live in Europe, a relatively modest change from a century ago (91%). 80% of the Christians are Arab[254] with smaller Christian communities of ethnic Russians, Ukrainians, Greeks, Armenians, and Assyrians/Syriacs. List of American Orthodox saints - OrthodoxWiki The number of Arab Christians who live in the Middle East is estimated to be between 10 and 15 million. It was known by its contemporaries for its beauty, adorned with ornaments, jewels, and prominent archways. This separation created what today is the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox church. [41] .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}, The Jordan Valley and the Balqa was under Arab Christian rule by the second century AD. Angel translates to mean " messenger ," which illustrates their purpose: to help the human race. This tribe had embraced Christianity according to Ya'qubi, and were later succeeded by the Christian Salihids and Ghassanid Kingdom. All the Christian residents of Safed, Beisan, Tiberias were removed, and a big percentage displaced in Haifa, Jaffa, Lydda and Ramleh. [299] The Vatican saw the Israeli occupation and the general conflict in the Holy Land as the principal reasons for the Christian exodus from the territories. 10 Saints Gregory in the calendar: How to tell them apart Greek Saint Namedays - Origins & Customs - Santorini Of Christian Arab descent, he had spent many years of his life in Byzantine territory, in pursuit of his studies, most probably in Constantinople.". [249][250], The Arab Christian community in Iraq is relatively small, and further dwindled due to the Iraq War to just several thousand. It appeared in Haifa in 1908 and was shut down by the British in the 1940s. Native Christians who hold Bahraini citizenship number approximately 1,000 persons. By Mary Fairchild Updated on April 27, 2019 Number of Eastern Orthodox Christians Worldwide An estimated 200 million Christians are part of the Eastern Orthodox denomination today, making it the second-largest religion worldwide. The "Arab Christian" label largely belongs to followers of the Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem, Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch, Melkite Greek Catholic Church, Maronite Church, and Oriental Orthodox Churches, though there are also members of other churches, including the Catholic Latin Church and Protestant Churches. About the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America - Greek Orthodox Both the Eastern Orthodox and the Roman Catholic Churches recognize them. The term Greek cross designates a cross with arms of equal length, as in a plus sign, while the Latin cross designates a cross with an elongated descending arm. This led to the calling of the establishment of modern states based on Europe. [131] In 1982 Israel invaded Lebanon with the aim of destroying the PLO, which it besieged in West Beirut. [57] A special relationship developed between the people of Yemen and the Syrian Church, as inferred by the works of Ephrem the Syrian, the biography of Simeon Stylites, and the historian Philostorgius, who said that some villages and settlements established in Yemen were Syriac-speaking. [290] A 2015 estimates some 1,500 Christian believers from a Muslim background residing in the country. Greek Orthodox Church - Wikipedia In the second century, the Greek theologian Pantaenus left Alexandria and headed towards Yemen as a missionary after his conversion. [304] The decline of the Christian community in Palestine follows the trend of Christian emigration from the Muslim-dominated Middle East. Most Arab Christians in Iraq belong traditionally to Greek Orthodox and Catholic Churches and are concentrated in major cities such as Baghdad, Basra and Mosul. The Concept of Theosis The ultimate goal of the saint is to imitate God and live the life of deification ( theosis ). From classical antiquity to modern times, Arab Christians have played important roles contributing to the culture of the Mashriq, in particular those in the Levant, Egypt and Iraq. Nobel Prize winner in Physiology or Medicine, List of Christian denominations by number of members, Christian influences on the Islamic world, circumcision was dropped in the New Testament, "Christians in the Middle East Past, Present and Future", "Minority Rights Group International: Lebanon: Lebanon Overview", "Christians of the Middle East Country by Country Facts and Figures on Christians of the Middle East", "Abouna.org: . Assyrian Iraqi Christian refugees fled to Syria after massacres in Turkey and Iraq during and after WWI and then post-2003. [266] The rate of students studying in the field of medicine was also higher among the Christian Arab students, compared with all the students from other sectors. Numerous other variants have been developed during the medieval period . [80] Scholars and intellectuals agree Christians in the Arab world have made significant contributions to Arab civilization since the introduction of Islam, and they have had a notable impact contributing the culture of the Mashriq. [87] Syrian writers include scholar Francis Marrash and writer Hanna Mina, described in Literature from the "Axis of Evil" as the country's most prominent. ", "International Religious Freedom Report for 2015", "Christian Converts in Morocco Fear Fatwa Calling for Their Execution", "Fatbox Christians in Israel, West Bank and Gaza", "Palestinian Christian Activist Stabbed to Death in Gaza", "Israel and the plight of Mideast Christians", "No season of goodwill for Christians in the blockaded Gaza Strip", "Israeli-Palestinian conflict blamed for Christian exodus", "In the Syrian desert, the language of Jesus lives on", "Middle East:: Syria The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency", "Carthage, Tunisia: In the footsteps of St Augustine", "Christians in Tunisia: Cause for Concern - Qantara.de", "Christian Persecution in Tunisia | Open Doors USA", "Religious Composition by Country, 20102050", "Christen in der islamischen Welt | APuZ", "Armenian in Istanbul: Diaspora in Turkey welcomes the setting of relations and waits more steps from both countries", "Assyrians community thrives again in southeastern Turkey", In one of Turkey's most religiously diverse provinces, close ties with Syria fuel support for Assad regime, "Yemen is number 8 on the World Watch List 2020", "Arabic and the Syriac Christians in Iraq: Three Levels of Loyalty to the Arabist Project (19201950)", "The Churches of the Middle East: Their Origins and Identity, from their Roots in the Past to their Openness to the Present", "From Aramaic to Arabic: The Languages of the Monasteries of Palestine in the Byzantine and Early Islamic Periods", "The Earliest Relations of Islam with Other Religions: The Christians in Northern Arabia", "Christianity in the Middle East: Some historical remarks and preliminary demographic figures", Sample of Melkite Chant in Arabic, English, and Greek, Christian Minorities in the Islamic World: No Arab Spring for Christians, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arab_Christians&oldid=1170081226, This page was last edited on 13 August 2023, at 02:37. Khalil al-Sakakini, a prominent Palestinian Jerusalemite, was Arab Orthodox, as was George Antonius, Lebanese author of The Arab Awakening. Turkey is also home to a number of non-Arab Armenians (who number around 70,000),[324] Greeks (who number around 5,000 not including Antiochian Greeks) and Assyrian Christians in the southeast (who number more than 25,000). [270] Socio-economically, Arab Christians are closer to the Jewish population than to the Muslim population. Both Sakakini and El-Issa argued that the Palestinian and the Syrian (Antiochian) community constituted an oppressed majority, controlled and manipulated by a minority Greek clergy. Three New Saints in the Orthodox Church | PEMPTOUSIA It was started by Christian Arabic-speaking writers who had emigrated to America from Lebanon, Syria and Palestine at the turn of the 20th century. [134][135][136], Millions of people are descended from Arab Christians and they live outside the Middle East, in the Arab diaspora. Syro-Lebanese Melkite Saleem Takla and his brother Beshara founded the Al-Ahram newspaper in 1875 in Alexandria; now the most widely circulated Egyptian daily newspaper. Jordanian Arab Christians (some have Palestinian roots since 1948) number around 221,000, according to a 2014 estimate by the Orthodox Church. The Abyssinians spread Christianity and their rulers built an extravagant building in honor of the Martyrs of Najran. Already 80,000 have succumbed to starvation and thousands are dying every single day. Individuals from Egypt's Coptic community and Lebanon's Maronite community sometimes assume a non-Arab identity. The jurisdictions of three of the five patriarchates of the Pentarchy primarily became Arabic-speaking after the early Muslim conquests the Church of Alexandria, the Church of Antioch and the Church of Jerusalem and over time many of their adherents adopted the Arabic language and culture. In Lebanon, the influential Greek Orthodox Tueni family founded the An-Nahar newspaper in 1933, also one of the leading newspapers today. Christianity had a presence in Tripolitania and Cyrenaica in Roman times. [146] The league dissolved following Gibran's death in 1931 and Mikhail Naimy's return to Lebanon in 1932. It was later ruled uncanonical by Patriarch Bartholomew. [138] The majority of Arab Americans are Christians. The early Arab Christians recorded Syriac hymns, Arabic poetry, ecclesiastical melodies, proverbs, and ikam (rules of governance). Traditionally, a nameday used to be more important than a birthday. The first group includes the earliest Kuwaiti Christians, who originated from Iraq and Turkey. The paper was Palestine's most consistent critic of the early Zionist movement. [301] However, Palestinian Christians in Gaza face restrictions on their freedom of movement by the Israeli blockade, which has been cited as one of the reasons contributing to their dwindling numbers. [291], Christianity in Morocco appeared during the Roman times, when it was practiced by Christian Berbers in Roman Mauretania Tingitana, although it disappeared after the Islamic conquests. [101] These media networks produce dozens of Arabic-language Christian films, musical works, as well as radio and television programmes.[101]. The religion was organised in many dioceses controlled by bishops and archbishops. [139], According to the 2000 United States census, there were at least 3.5 million Arabs living in the United States, with around 40% of them originating from Lebanon. Dhu al-Nawas was later deposed and killed, prompting Kaleb to appoint a native Christian Himyarite, Sumyafa Ashwa, as his viceroy. The Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America, with its headquarters located in the City of New York, is an Eparchy of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, The mission of the Archdiocese is to proclaim the Gospel of Christ, to teach and spread the Orthodox Christian faith, to energize, cultivate, and guide the life of the Church in the United States of America according to the Orthodox . Exactly how many saints are there in Eastern Orthodoxy? [314] Since 1960 the population of Syria has increased five-fold, but the Christian population only 3.5 times. According to a data by Israel Central Bureau of Statistics in 2010, 63% of Israeli Christian Arabs have had college or postgraduate education, the highest of any religious and ethno-religious group. [53][54] History records Christian influence from Ethiopia to Arab lands in pre-Islamic times, and some Ethiopian Christians may have lived in Mecca. In most cases, it is a tradition in Greece, that when a person has a nameday, he or she gives an 'open-house' party where refreshments are offered to friends and acquaintances alike. Honoring Eastern Orthodox Saints | EWTN What exactly is a name day in Greece? The longer answer: According to a recent study of Orthodoxy in the United States, the real membership (number of adult adherents and their children) in all Eastern Christian Churches in the USA can be estimated at about 1,200,000 persons. Many are even named after the saints and people use their lives as examples of how they should live their lives.

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